Scatter Plots, like the one featured above are used to show the relationship between two variables. If the value of one variable increases, then so does the other this means that there is a positive relationship between the two variables. But if the value of one variable increases, then the other decreases then there is a negative relationship between the two variables. The trend line helps to show the relationship of the data. How closely the data fits to the trend line shows the strength of the relationship between the variables. The scatter plot above is comparing the relationship of household incoming during childhood to income during adulthood. The graph indicates that there is a positive relationship between the two variables, but because the data does not fit closely along the trend line. So if your household income was higher during childhood, than you are more likely but not guaranteed to have a higher income in adulthood.
Saturday, April 5, 2014
Population Pyramid
Population pyramids are used to show age and sex distributions pertaining to a given region. The graphs above represent the age and sex distribution of France and India. This graph shows that in India that there are more 0-5 year old children of both sexes than any other age in the country and as age increase the percent of both sexes declines. The region of France is quite different, the population of both sexes are fairly even from ages 0-35 and then the population of both sexes slowly decreases. This graph also shows that the inhabitants of France tend to live to be much older (above 85) than the people living in India who on average die before reaching 70.
Thursday, April 3, 2014
Index Value Plot
An index value plot is a type of geovisualization that portrays geographic information on a plot rather than a map. Index value plots are used to show variations from the normal standard over time. The index value plot above is representing the variation of expanding and contracting companies from the normal index value of 50 from 1997-2009. This plot is able to clearly depict the ups and downs of our economy which can be very useful in determining recession conditions.
Accumulation Plot (Lorenz Curve)
The accumulation plot also know as Lorenz Curve is a type of geovisualization. This geovisualization plot is used to organize and display geographic information. In an accumulation plot there is a straight diagonal line such as the purple one in the plot above that represents how the data would be graphed if the distribution (in this case of GDP and IP addresses) was equal. The black (GDP), red (IPv6), and blue (IPv4) lines are the Lorenz Curves that portray the actual distribution. Because of the inequality of distribution the plot is showing a downward bending for each of the Lorenz Curves. As the distribution becomes more unequal the larger the bend in the line becomes. This plot shows that GDP is the most equally distributed resource across the percentage of population for these countries while IPv4 is the least equally distributed resource.
Tuesday, April 1, 2014
DOQQ
Digital Orthographic Quarter-Quads (DOQQ) use a mixture of aerial images and map qualities to georeference and orthorectify basic areal photographs into useful flat maps. In standard areal photographs ground features are distorted, but through the process of orthorecitifcation those features are shown in their true position. Digital Orthographic Quarter-Quads help improve many qualities of basic aerial photographs such as accurate measurement of distance, areas, angles, and positions. The image above is a Digital Orthographic Quarter-Quad of the Texas Longhorns football stadium and the area surrounding the stadium. This photo accurately displays the stadium and its surrounding area without omitting or generalizing key features.
Digital Raster Graphics (DRG)
Digital Raster Graphics (DRG) is an image from the United States Geological Survey of a standard topographic map that has been scanned to digital raster format. The DRG above is a part of the Washington West, D.C.. This image was generated from a USGS topographic map of Washington West, D.C. and georeferenced to ground coordinates on the surface of the earth.
Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
Digital Elevation Models (DEM) are used to create three-dimensional or colorized pictures to show relief. This cartographic information is gathered from the United States Geologic Survey and produced into digital format in a cell or pixel. All DEM's converted to a coordinate system, a datum, and a map projection. The image above is a Digital Elevation Model of the main eight islands of Hawaii using cartographic information derived from USGS 7.5' Quads with cell size for the DEM's at 10 meters. The variations in elevation for the eight islands of Hawaii are depicting so clearly in this image because of the use of the DEM.
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